Majekiseni asina tsono ari kushandura mashandisirwo emishonga nemajekiseni, achipa imwe nzira isingarwadzi uye inoshanda kune yechinyakare-inoshandiswa netsono nzira.Ichi chitsva chinonyanya kukosha mukunatsiridza kuterera kwevarwere, kuderedza njodzi yekukuvara kwetsono, uye kuderedza kushushikana kunoenderana nemajekiseni etsono.Chinyorwa ichi chinotarisa muuinjiniya seri kwemajekiseni asina tsono uye kuongorora majekiseni avo ekiriniki uye kuongorora.
Injiniya Zvikamu
Nzira Yekuita
Majekiseni asina tsono anoendesa mishonga kuburikidza nejeti rinomhanya-mhanya remvura, iro rinopinda muganda roisa mushonga munyama iri pasi. Nzira iyi inotsamira pazvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha:
Kunobva Simba: Ichi chinogona kunge chiri chitubu, gasi rakamanikidzwa, kana piezoelectric chinhu chinoburitsa simba rinodiwa kugadzira jet stream.
Drug Reservoir: Kamuri inochengeta mushonga unouyiswa.
Nozzle: Kanhu kadiki uko mushonga unoburitswa nekumhanya kwakakwira.
Mhando dzeMajekiseni Asina Majekiseni
Spring-Loaded Majekiseni: Aya anoshandisa chitubu michina kugadzira inodiwa kudzvanywa. Apo chitubu chinosunungurwa, chinofambisa mishonga kuburikidza nemuromo.
Gas-Powered Majekiseni: Shandisa gasi rakadzvanywa, senge CO2, kugadzira iyo yekumhanya-mhanya jet inodiwa pakuendesa zvinodhaka.
Piezoelectric Majekiseni: Shandisa piezoelectric makristasi anowedzera kana magetsi ashandiswa, zvichiita simba rekudzinga mushonga.
Makiyi Einjiniya Matambudziko
Jet Formation: Kuve nechokwadi chekuti jet yakasimba zvakakwana kuti ipinde mukati meganda asi isina kusimba zvekuti ikonzere kukuvara kwenyama.
Dosage Accuracy: Kudzora chaiko pamusoro pehuwandu hwemishonga inounzwa nejekiseni rega rega.
Kuvimbika kweChishandiso: Kuenderana kuita kwese kwakawanda kushandiswa pasina kukundikana.
MaterialSelection: Kushandisa biocompatible uye yakasimba zvinhu kudzivirira kuita uye kuve nechokwadi chehupenyu hurefu.Clinical Aspects
Zvakanakira Kupfuura Traditional Majekiseni
Kuderedza Marwadzo: Kusavapo kwetsono kunoderedza zvakanyanya marwadzo uye kusagadzikana.
Kuvandudza Kuteerera Kwemurwere: Kunyanya kubatsira kune vana uye netsono-phobic varwere.
Yakaderera Ngozi yeNeedlestick Kukuvara: Inoderedza njodzi yevashandi vehutano.
Kuwedzeredzwa Kuchengeteka: Inoderedza njodzi yekusangana-kusvibiswa uye kutapukirwa.
Applications
Vaccinations: Inoshanda mukupa majekiseni, kusanganisira ayo efuruwenza, gwirikwiti, uye COVID-19.
Insulin Delivery: Inoshandiswa nevarwere vane chirwere cheshuga kupa insulin pasina kudiwa kwezuva nezuva kubayiwa tsono.
Local Anesthesia: Kushandirwa mune mazino uye madiki maitiro ekuvhiya kuendesa anesthetics.
Kukura kweHormone Therapy: Inoshandiswa pakupa mahormone ekukura, kunyanya muvarwere vevana.
Clinical Efficacy
Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti majekiseni asina tsono anogona kuwana kuenzanisa, kana kwete yepamusoro, pharmacokinetic profiles kune echinyakare jekiseni retsono.Semuyenzaniso, mukutakura insulini, zvishandiso izvi zvakaratidza kuenzana kweglycemic control nekugutsikana kugutsikana kwemurwere.Saizvozvowo, jekiseni isina tsono yakawanikwa kuti iite mhinduro dzakasimba dzekudzivirira.
Matambudziko uye Mafungiro
Mutengo: Kudhura kwekutanga kwepamusoro kuenzaniswa nemajekiseni akajairika, kunyange izvi zvingave zvakagadziriswa nekugara kwenguva refu.Kudzidzisa: Vatariri vehutano nevarwere vanoda kudzidziswa kwakakodzera kushandisa zvigadziro zvakanaka.
Device Compatibility: Haisi mishonga yose inokodzera kusununguka kusina tsono nekuda kwe viscosity kana dosage fomu.Kusiyana kweGanda: Kusiyana kweganda uye kugadzirwa kwevarwere kunogona kukanganisa kushanda kwejekiseni.
Future Directions
Kufambira mberi mukugadzirwa kwe microfabrication uye zvinhu zvesainzi zvinotarisirwa kuwedzera kunatsiridza tekinoroji isina tsono.Zvitsva zvakaita semajekiseni akangwara, anokwanisa kutarisa nekugadzirisa chipimo chemushonga munguva chaiyo, zvave pedyo.Pamusoro pezvo, tsvakiridzo mumashandisirwo akawanda, kusanganisira biologics uye gene therapies, ine chivimbiso chekuwedzera kushandiswa kwemidziyo iyi.
Majekiseni asina tsono anomiririra kusvetukira kumberi muhunyanzvi hwekurapa, zvichipa mabhenefiti akawanda pamusoro pemaitiro echinyakare-akavakirwa tsono.Kunyange paine matambudziko ekukunda, kufambira mberi kwekiriniki neuinjiniya munharaunda iyi kunoramba kuchigadzira nzira yemaitiro ekushandisa zvinodhaka anoshanda, akachengeteka, uye ane moyo murefu.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-29-2024